Child Physical Abuse (CPA).

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1. Use the internet to find a recent example of Child Physical Abuse (CPA).

2. Post a link to the information.

3. What could/should have been done in that case to effectively intervene and prevent the abuse from reoccurring? Examples can include: Child Protective Services, authority intervention (such as teachers) police intervention strategies, and proper implementation of current policies that deal with CPA.

MINIMUM OF 250 WORDS

PLEASE NO PLAGIARIZING!!!!

PROVIDE TURN IT IN REPORT

PLEASE USE INFORMATION FROM ATTACHMENTS

Miller-Perrin_PPT03_Access.pptx

Child Physical Abuse

Chapter 3

2

Introduction

Case History: Kevin Fell Off His Razor

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

3

Scope of the Problem

Defining child physical abuse is no easy task.

One way to define physical child abuse is to focus on observable harm.

A child who is injured is abused.

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

4

Scope of the Problem (Part 2)

Beginning in 1988, the National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect began to include an endangerment standard in addition to a harm standard.

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

5

Scope of the Problem (Part 3)

While the harm standard recognizes children as CPA victims if they have observable injuries that last at least 48 hours, children without observable injuries may also be recognized as abuse victims if they are deemed substantially at risk for injury or endangerment.

 

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

6

Definition

Child physical abuse is the intentional use of physical force against a child that results in or has the potential to result in physical injury.

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

7

Examples of Physical Abuse

Behaviors include:

Hitting a child with one’s fist or an object such as a belt

Kicking, biting, choking, shaking, or burning a child

Throwing or knocking down a child

Threatening a child with a weapon

 

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

8

Examples of Physical Abuse (Part 2)

Shaken baby syndrome or abusive head trauma are additional examples of child physical abuse.

The leading cause of death among physically abused children is death associated with some type of injury to the head, referred to in the medical community as abusive head trauma.

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

9

Shaken Baby Syndrome

Shaken baby syndrome results when a caregiver violently shakes a child, causing the child’s brain to move within the skull.

 

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

10

Table 3.1: Characteristics of Children Who Are Physically Abused and the Adults Who Abuse Them

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

11

Table 3.1: Characteristics of Children Who Are Physically Abused and the Adults Who Abuse Them (Part 2)

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

12

Table 3.1: Characteristics of Children Who Are Physically Abused and the Adults Who Abuse Them (Part 3)

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

13

Sources: A representative but not exhaustive list of sources for the information displayed in this table includes the following: Berkout & Kolko, 2016; Caselles & Milner, 2000; Chaffin et al., 2004; Crouch, Milner, & Thomsen, 2001; Éthier, Couture, & Lacharite, 2004; S. Graham, Weiner, Cobb & Henderson, 2001; Hartley, 2012b; T. Herrenkohl, Sousa, Tajima, Herrenkohl, & Moylan, 2008; Jouriles, McDonald, Smith Slep, Heyman, & Garrido, 2008; Kelleher et. al., 2008; Mammen, Kolko, & Pilkonis, 2003; Milner, 2003; Sedlak et al., 2010; Timmer, Borrego, & Urquiza, 2002; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), 2016.

Corporal Punishment

There is considerable debate about whether it should be defined as abusive, or at least unacceptable.

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

14

Legal Perspectives

Federal law defines physical abuse as actions that result in “serious physical or emotional harm.”

Child physical abuse is illegal in all 50 states, districts, and U.S. territories, but individual states are left to define the specifics of these guidelines.

 

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

15

Data

According to the most recent figures available from the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System (NCANDS), approximately 3.2 million children were reported for abuse to CPS in 2014.

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

16

Risk and Protective Factors

Child physical abuse victims do not respond to being abused in consistent or predictable ways.

Not surprisingly, the more severe the abuse, the longer it continues, the more frequent, and the greater the number of subtypes of maltreatment experienced.

 

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

17

Table 3.2: Possible Effects Associated With Physical Child Abuse for Children and Adolescents and Adults

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

18

Table 3.2: Possible Effects Associated With Physical Child Abuse for Children and Adolescents and Adults (Part 2)

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

19

Sources: A representative but not exhaustive list of sources for information displayed in this table includes the following: Alvarez-Alonso et al., 2016; Baer & Martinez, 2006; R. Berger & Bell, 2014; Currie & Tekin, 2012; Fuller-Thomson & Lewis, 2015; Gilbert, Widom, Browne, Fergusson, Webb, & Janson, 2009; Gold, Sullivan, & Lewis, 2011; Greger, Myhre, Lydersen, & Jozefiak, 2015; Keene & Epps, 2016; Kleinman, 2015; Klika, Herrenkohl, & Lee, 2012; Lee, Herrenkohl, Jung, Skinner, & Klika, 2015; Lind et al., 2016; Miller-Perrin, Perrin, & Kocur, 2009; Nance & Cooper, 2009; Ouyang, Fang, Mercy, Perou, & Grosse, 2008; Reece, 2011; Rouse & Fantuzzo, 2009; Runyon, Deblinger, & Schroeder, 2009; Runyon, Deblinger, & Steer, 2010; Sachs- Ericsson et al., 2010; R. Schneider, Baumrind, & Kimerling, 2007; Thomas, Hyponnen, & Power, 2008.

Intervention and Prevention

Many strategies have been developed over the years, which focus on the following:

Children (victims)

Parents

Communities

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

20

Programs

Parent training and support efforts:

One such program is Incredible Years (IY), which targets children with behavior problems and aims to reduce coercive parent-child interactions by providing parents with information about child development.

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

21

Programs (Part 2)

Alternatives for Families Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (AF-CBT) is another approach that has been empirically evaluated that targets both physically abusive parents and their children.

 

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

22

Programs (Part 3)

Parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT):

This form of therapy involves behavioral parent training whereby the parent is coached in parenting skills during live parent-child interactions.

 

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

23

Programs (Part 4)

Primary prevention efforts are designed to prevent child maltreatment from occurring in the first place and are often offered at the community level.

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

24

Programs (Part 5)

These prevention strategies are typically designed to improve the larger community environment of children either through wide-scale training, information dissemination, or changes in public policy.

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

25

Programs (Part 6)

One of the most widely researched community prevention strategies is the Triple P (Positive Parenting Program).

The primary aim of Triple P is to promote family harmony and reduce parent-child conflict by helping parents develop a safe, nurturing environment.

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

26

Programs (Part 7)

One promising school-based program is the Chicago Child-Parent Center program, which provides preschool education and a variety of family support services for low-income children aged 3–9 years.

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

27

Programs (Part 8)

The Durham Family Initiative (DFI), attempt to expand universal assessments designed to identify families at risk for child maltreatment and then connect them to appropriate community-based services.

 

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

28

Programs (Part 9)

Public Awareness Campaigns:

Another approach to the prevention of child physical abuse, and child maltreatment more generally, is that of educating the public about the problem through mass media campaigns.

 

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

29

Example

The ACT (Adults and Children Together) Against Violence Campaign is an example of a violence prevention media campaign.

 

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

30

Law and Policy

Another strategy in efforts to reduce or eliminate child physical abuse involves criminal justice system responses that target child physical abuse offenders.

 

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

31

Law and Policy (Part 2)

Since the late 1980s, significant improvements have been made in both the processes of criminal investigation of child physical abuse.

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

32

Summary

The physical abuse of children is a complex problem that is not well understood, despite nearly six decades of research.

Proposed solutions to the child physical abuse problem include both intervention and prevention efforts.

Miller-Perrin, Violence and Maltreatment in Intimate Relationships. © SAGE Publications, 2018.

33

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Child Abuse And Neglect Laws Aren’t Being Enforced, Report Finds : Shots – Health News Almost 680,000 children in the United States were victims of abuse in 2013. And state and local governments aren’t doing enough to report abuse and investigate it, according to an independent study. Shots - Health News

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Child Abuse And Neglect Laws Aren’t Being Enforced, Report Finds

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Child Abuse And Neglect Laws Aren’t Being Enforced, Report Finds

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January 27, 20153:47 AM ET Heard on Morning Edition Pam Fessler at NPR headquarters in Washington, D.C., March 19, 2019. (photo by Allison Shelley)Pam Fessler

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Child Abuse And Neglect Laws Aren’t Being Enforced, Report Finds

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Will Crocker/Getty Images Enlarge this image Will Crocker/Getty Images Will Crocker/Getty Images Will Crocker/Getty ImagesLaws intended to protect children from abuse and neglect are not being properly enforced, and the federal government is to blame. That’s according to a study by the Children’s Advocacy Institute at the University of San Diego School of Law, which says children are suffering as a result.

The numbers are grim. Almost 680,000 children in the United States were the victims of abuse and neglect in 2013. More than 1,500 of them died.

Federal officials say they’re encouraged that the numbers are lower than they were in 2012. But children’s advocates say abuse is so often not reported that it’s impossible to know if there’s really been a decline.

“This is just something that’s chronically underreported,” says Elisa Weichel, a staff attorney with the Children’s Advocacy Institute, which published the report Tuesday.

She says abuse and neglect cases — especially those resulting in death — are often not disclosed as required by law. That lack of information has led to other problems in the system.

“It all boils down to having the right amount of data about what’s working and what’s not,” Weichel says. “And when your data is flawed, every other part of your system is going to be flawed.”

“This is just something that’s chronically underreported.”

Elisa Weichel, Children’s Advocacy Institute

Her group has found plenty of flaws. The institute conducted a three-year study and found that not one state has met all of the minimum child welfare standards set by the federal government. Those standards include such things as timely investigation of reports of child abuse. The institute blames Congress and the courts for failing to get involved.

The Department of Health and Human Services, which reviews state programs, declined to comment on the report.

But there’s broad agreement among those involved in child welfare that the system is in desperate need of repair, agencies are underfunded, and caseworkers are often overwhelmed.

“Whether or not individual states can meet a reporting standard to us is not where the emphasis ought to be,” says Ron Smith, director of legislative affairs for the American Public Human Services Association, which represents child welfare administrators.

“It needs to be on making sure that the kids who need assistance are getting assistance, and the families that need assistance are getting the assistance,” he says.

Odds Of Abuse And Mistreatment Add Up Over Children's Lives

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Odds Of Abuse And Mistreatment Add Up Over Children’s Lives

Childhood Maltreatment Can Leave Scars In The Brain

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Childhood Maltreatment Can Leave Scars In The Brain

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FBI: Operation Rescues 105 Sexually Exploited Children

Smith says state and local officials complain that they spend too much time filling out federal forms and trying to meet requirements that aren’t necessarily best for kids.

Instead, he says, they want flexibility on how to spend federal funds so they can focus more on keeping families together, rather than on helping kids after they’ve been abused and removed from their homes.

Ron Zychowski of Eckerd, a nonprofit company that runs child welfare services in three of Florida’s largest counties, agrees that change is needed. Eckerd has developed a new system to identify which of the 5,000 children under its care are at the highest risk of serious injury or death, so they can fix problems quickly.

“And I’m very pleased to report that in two years we have not had a child death from abuse or neglect in any of our cases,” Zychowski says.

That program is getting lots of national attention, including from a new commission set up by Congress to help eliminate abuse and neglect deaths.

But Zychowski warns, in this field, there’s no silver bullet.

“Bad people will do bad things to children,” he says. “We’re not going to catch them all, and we’re not going to stop them all.”

There was a horrific reminder of that earlier this month. A Florida man was accused of killing his 5-year-old daughter by throwing her off a bridge. Zychowski says the family was not in the child welfare system.

Clarification Jan. 27, 2015

 

Ron Zychowski with Eckerd, the nonprofit company that runs child welfare services in three Florida counties, says in this report that the family of a girl thrown off a bridge was not in the county child welfare system. There are reports that child welfare investigators had visited the family previously. But according to officials at Eckerd, the company had no active case involving the family.

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Connection Paper For Access Control Course

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Connection Paper For Access Control Course

Assignment:
Provide a reflection of at least 500 words (or 2 pages double spaced) of how the knowledge, skills, or theories of this course have been applied, or could be applied, in a practical manner to your current work environment. If you are not currently working, share times when you have or could observe these theories and knowledge could be applied to an employment opportunity in your field of study.

Requirements:

Provide a 500 word (or 2 pages double spaced) minimum reflection.

Use of proper APA formatting and citations. If supporting evidence from outside resources is used those must be properly cited.

Share a personal connection that identifies specific knowledge and theories from this course.

Demonstrate a connection to your current work environment. If you are not employed, demonstrate a connection to your desired work environment.

You should NOT, provide an overview of the assignments assigned in the course. The assignment asks that you reflect how the knowledge and skills obtained through meeting course objectives were applied or could be applied in the workplace.

Management, ethnic & society paper

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Management, ethnic & society paper

requirements.docx

Management, ethics & society paper

Following is the topic for paper 1:

” Some critics of Islamic finance have indicated that Islamic finance is a prohibition-driven form of finance. Do you see contemporary Islamic finance as prohibition-driven? Explain why or why not. ”

Paper should be double space, 4 pages, use at least 5 academic references. ( journal articles or books)

English

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English

 

Activity Three: Investigate the relationship between school segregation, funding and inequality.

Part One: Answer the following questions based on your own knowledge, experience and opinions.

Who pays for public schools?

Is there a correlation between money and education? Does the amount of money a school spends on students influence the quality of the education students receive?

Part Two: Read the Times article about funding differences between mostly white school districts and mostly nonwhite ones, and then answer the following questions:

How much less total funding do school districts that serve predominantly students of color receive compared to school districts that serve predominantly white students?

Why are school district borders problematic?

How many of the nation’s schoolchildren are in “racially concentrated districts, where over 75 percent of students are either white or nonwhite”?

How much less money, on average, do nonwhite districts receive than white districts?

How are school districts funded?

How does lack of school funding affect classrooms?

What is the new kind of ”white flight” in Arizona and why is it a problem?

What is an “enclave”? What does the statement “some school districts have become their own enclaves” mean?

 

For Further Exploration:

 

Research your local school district budget, using public records or local media, such as newspapers or television reporting. What is the budget per student? How does that budget compare with the state average? The national average?

CopyofSeptember112001_GeorgeBushsAddresstotheNation.docx

September 11, 2001 ~ George Bush’s Address to the Nation

Directions: Watch the speech first, and then we will read the speech and colormark for rhetorical devices.

On Sept. 11, 2001, the United States suffered the worst terror attack on its soil in history. Four planes were hijacked by terrorists, two of which were flown into the World Trade Center towers in New York City. First responders rushed to the scene and many of them were killed when the towers unexpectedly collapsed to the ground. Another hijacked plane crashed into the Pentagon. All in all, nearly 3,000 people were killed in the attack, which launched a war in Afghanistan that continued for more than a decade. Below are President Bush’s words to the grieving nation after the attack.

 

Video of Speech: Sept. 11 Bush’s Address to the Nation (4:22)

George Bush’s Address to the Nation

Colormarking Key:

Bold examples of Pathos – emotional appeals; using emotion-arousing words to instill feelings such as pity, fear, happiness, or love; use of words that evoke strong feelings.

 

 

Underline the claim of the speech. Highlight the components of the rhetor’s argument that relate back to the claim.

 

Comment on each metaphor and explain what two ideas that the speaker is connecting together.

 

Good evening.

 

Today, our fellow citizens, our way of life, our very freedom came under attack in a series of deliberate and deadly terrorist acts. The victims were in airplanes or in their offices: secretaries, business men and women, military and federal workers, moms and dads, friends and neighbors. Thousands of lives were suddenly ended by evil, despicable acts of terror. The pictures of airplanes flying into buildings, fires burning, huge — huge structures collapsing have filled us with disbelief, terrible sadness, and a quiet, unyielding anger. These acts of mass murder were intended to frighten our nation into chaos and retreat. But they have failed. Our country is strong.

 

1. In the first paragraph, President Bush uses pathos to appeal to his audience. How is this an effective use of pathos? Consider the emotions of the audience listening to the speech after the events of the day took place.

2. The final two sentences of the first paragraph are both extremely short and declarative. They stand out from the other lengthy, richly detailed sentences in the first paragraph. Explain the effect these short sentences have on advancing Bush’s rhetoric. What conclusions can we draw from this pattern?

 

 

A great people has been moved to defend a great nation. Terrorist attacks can shake the foundations of our biggest buildings, but they cannot touch the foundation of America. These acts shattered steel, but they cannot dent the steel of American resolve. America was targeted for attack because we’re the brightest beacon for freedom and opportunity in the world. And no one will keep that light from shining. Today, our nation saw evil — the very worst of human nature — and we responded with the best of America. With the daring of our rescue workers, with the caring for strangers and neighbors who came to give blood and help in any way they could.

 

3. The portion in purple in paragraph two is an example of an antithesis (the contrast of ideas or words in a parallel structure). What does Bush’s juxtaposition in the color coded portion demonstrate to the audience?

 

 

Immediately following the first attack, I implemented our government’s emergency response plans. Our military is powerful, and it’s prepared. Our emergency teams are working in New York City and Washington D.C. to help with local rescue efforts. Our first priority is to get help to those who have been injured, and to take every precaution to protect our citizens at home and around the world from further attacks. The functions of our government continue without interruption. Federal agencies in Washington which had to be evacuated today are reopening for essential personnel tonight and will be open for business tomorrow. Our financial institutions remain strong, and the American economy will be open for business as well.

 

4. Read back over the paragraph and highlight the pronouns in the sentences for paragraph 3. What effect does the choice in pronouns have on the audience to appeal to their emotions?

 

The search is underway for those who were behind these evil acts. I have directed the full resources of our intelligence and law enforcement communities to find those responsible and to bring them to justice. We will make no distinction between the terrorists who committed these acts and those who harbor them.

 

I appreciate so very much the members of Congress who have joined me in strongly condemning these attacks. And on behalf of the American people, I thank the many world leaders who have called to offer their condolences and assistance. America and our friends and allies join with all those who want peace and security in the world, and we stand together to win the war against terrorism.

 

Tonight, I ask for your prayers for all those who grieve, for the children whose worlds have been shattered, for all whose sense of safety and security has been threatened. And I pray they will be comforted by a Power greater than any of us, spoken through the ages in Psalm 23: Even though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I fear no evil for you are with me.

 

5. In the paragraph above, the rhetor utilizes allusion in order to connect with the audience. What text does President Bush Allude towards? Why does the Bush allude to this text?

6. How does the quote/allusion connect with the events that happened earlier in the day with the audience? What is the speaker attempting to say with the use of this quote/allusion?

 

This is a day when all Americans from every walk of life unite in our resolve for justice and peace. America has stood down enemies before, and we will do so this time. None of us will ever forget this day, yet we go forward to defend freedom and all that is good and just in our world.

 

Thank you. Good night. And God bless America.

Short Essay 2

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Short Essay 2

Discussion Board Question 2: Our three tiered system of federalism (federal, state and local) has served the country well for the better part of its history. But it has come under intense scrutiny during the COVID-19 pandemic as President Trump last year lashed out at and undermined certain state governors (ex. the Governor of Michigan) and governors were at war with local officials over policies, such as here in Florida where over 30 municipalities sued Gov. DeSantis over his executive orders on COVID restricting local officials’ ability to enforce mask mandates and other common sense measures to prevent the pandemic from getting worse. In your opinion, do you think that countries like Germany, Australia or France with unitary systems were better off than we were in coping with the pandemic because federal governments took charge of everything right off the bat? Be sure to use examples and relevant statistics in your response.