answer questions
answer questions
• The Misconduct of Police • Historical Explanations For Police Misconduct Including The
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Order Paper NowPatronage System • Contemporary Reforms To Combat Misconduct Including Civil Service
Reforms • The Three Functions of The Modern Police Officer • The Evidence Surrounding Preventative Patrolling Including The
Kansas City Experiment • Community Policing
• The American Judicial System • The structure and operations of the federal and state judicial
systems including the four tier court system with particular application to the United States District for The Eastern District of New York (Make sure that you fully understand the handout of the court systems)
• The role, powers, discretion, selection process of state and federal judges (trial and appellate)
• The concept of the courtroom working group • The structure and operation of federal and state prosecutors and
the identify and the discretion of the prosecutor • The role of the defense attorney, the evolution of the defendant’s
right to an attorney and the differential quality of representation available to defendants
• The role of the grand jury, the petit jury, the three outcomes of a jury trial, the problems with juries including the phenomenon of jury nullification
• The major steps of the criminal jury trial and the concept of the judge as finder of the law, the jury as finder of fact
• The scope, nature, characteristics, process, bias, and impact of the plea bargaining process and reasons why poor and minorities suffer under the process
• The Sentencing Stage of the Criminal Justice Process ➢ The five purposes of sentencing and punishment in the criminal
justice process ➢ The range of sentencing options available to the judge ➢ The evolution of sentencing from indeterminate to determinate
sentencing with emphasis on the shortcomings of indeterminate sentencing
➢ The operation of the Sentencing Guidelines and the advantages it gives to the prosecutor
➢ The nature and operations of Three Strikes laws and Mandatory Minimums
• The Incarceration And Post Incarceration Stage of the Criminal Justice Process ➢ The designation process of defendants to facilities and the types
of facilities that exist ➢ The size and demographics of prison population and the reasons
for that phenomenon ➢ The conditions in prison, causes for those conditions, and impact
of prisons in the United States ➢ The concepts of total institutions, the deprivations of prison, and
prisonization ➢ The nature and operation of probation, parole, and supervised
release in the United States including the issue of parole searches
➢ The shifting function of supervision from the service function to the surveillance function
➢ The concept, rate of and reasons for recidivism